CHARLIE
          If anyone's going to be successful,
          it's DARPA.  Unlimited funds and a
          mandate to invent the future.

                    AMITA
          They're responsible for GPS, Stealth
          Technology...
            (re: a computer mouse)
          This.  How many people use this every
          day... a billion?

                    DON
          How do we tell if it's alive?

                    CHARLIE
          There's a test -- named after the
          father of computing science, Alan
          Turing -- that measures a machine's
          ability to demonstrate intelligence.

A Turing machine is a minimal idealization of a computer. It consists of a line of cells known as the tape with an active element called the head that moves back and forth on the tape and changes the color of cells according to a set of rules. For various initial conditions (x-axis), the plot shows the number of times the head changes direction in the first 50 steps of the evolution of the Turing machine. For this Demonstration, 4096 Turing machines in each of four classes have been randomly chosen.

                    AMITA
          How do we know if a rose is real?

AMITA VISION
A photograph of an ROSE -

                    AMITA (cont'd)
          If it looks like a rose, but you
          touch it and it's in two dimensions,
          it's only a photo.

The graph shows a walk along a Maurer rose in steps of d degrees (including rotations) with either n or 2n petals, according to whether n is odd or even. Varying z scales the degrees.

                    JANE KARELLEN
          DARPA was created the day after
          Sputnik to make sure it never
          happened again.  The farther ahead we
          get, the safer your family is.
            (then)
          Have you ever wondered what you could
          do with unlimited resources?

October 2007 marks the 50th anniversary of the launch of the Russian satellite Sputnik 1, the first human-made object to orbit the Earth. The satellite was carried into orbit on a Soviet R-7 rocket and had a height of 228 km at perigee (closest point to Earth) and a height of 945 km at apogee (farthest point from Earth). Its velocity at perigee was 8 km/s and its time for completing one orbit was 96 minutes. Sputnik 1 stayed in orbit for three months before falling to Earth in January 1958.

                    AMITA 
          Remember when the World Champion
          chess master Gary Kasparov lost to a
          computer named Deep Blue? 

                    CHARLIE 
          The computer won by doing something 
          no human could - analyze over 200
          million chess positions per second to
          come up with the best response.

A basic chess game with optional board editing and history reviewing.